Real time monitoring of BMP Smads transcriptional activity during mouse development
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
The role of Smads in BMP signaling.
Bone morphogenetic proteins, BMPs, are members of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily, which are implicated in embryogenesis, organogenesis, skeletogenesis, osteogenesis, cellular differentiation and apoptosis by regulating the expression of specific target genes. Recent progresses in studying the BMP signaling reveal that a cytoplasmic protein family, Smad, plays a centr...
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Although Shh, TGF-β and BMP-4 regulate radial patterning of the bladder mesenchyme and smooth muscle differentiation, it is not known what transcription factors, local environmental cues or signaling cascades mediate bladder smooth muscle differentiation. We investigated the expression patterns of signaling mediated by Smad2 and Smad3 in the mouse embryonic bladder from E12.5 to E16.5 by using ...
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The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family of ligands elicit their biological effects by initiating new programs of gene expression. The best understood signal transducers for these ligands are the SMADs, which essentially act as transcription factors that are activated in the cytoplasm and then accumulate in the nucleus in response to ligand induction where they bind to enhancer/promoter ...
متن کاملLinking Smads and transcriptional activation.
TGF-beta1 (transforming growth factor-beta1) is the prototypical member of a large family of pleiotropic cytokines that regulate diverse biological processes during development and adult tissue homoeostasis. TGF-beta signals via membrane bound serine/threonine kinase receptors which transmit their signals via the intracellular signalling molecules Smad2, Smad3 and Smad4. These Smads contain con...
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We sketch a framework for monitoring macroeconomic activity in real-time and push it in new directions. In particular, we focus not only on real activity, which has received most attention to date, but also on inflation and its interaction with real activity. As for the recent recession, we find that (1) it likely ended around July 2009; (2) its most extreme aspects concern a real activity decl...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: genesis
سال: 2008
ISSN: 1526-954X,1526-968X
DOI: 10.1002/dvg.20493